The recent release of ChatGPT has garnered widespread recognition for its exceptional ability to generate human-like responses in dialogue. Given its usage by users from various nations and its training on a vast multilingual corpus that incorporates diverse cultural and societal norms, it is crucial to evaluate its effectiveness in cultural adaptation. In this paper, we investigate the underlying cultural background of ChatGPT by analyzing its responses to questions designed to quantify human cultural differences. Our findings suggest that, when prompted with American context, ChatGPT exhibits a strong alignment with American culture, but it adapts less effectively to other cultural contexts. Furthermore, by using different prompts to probe the model, we show that English prompts reduce the variance in model responses, flattening out cultural differences and biasing them towards American culture. This study provides valuable insights into the cultural implications of ChatGPT and highlights the necessity of greater diversity and cultural awareness in language technologies.

翻译：近期ChatGPT的发布因其在对话中生成类人回复的卓越能力而获得广泛认可。鉴于其用户来自不同国家，且训练语料库涵盖多种语言、融合多元文化与社会规范，评估其文化适应性至关重要。本文通过分析ChatGPT对旨在量化人类文化差异问题的回复，探究其潜在的文化背景。研究发现，当以美国语境提示时，ChatGPT与美国文化表现出高度一致性，但在适应其他文化语境方面效果较差。此外，通过使用不同提示词探测模型，我们发现英文提示词降低了模型回复的方差，压制了文化差异并使其偏向美国文化。本研究为ChatGPT的文化影响提供了宝贵见解，并凸显了语言技术中增强多样性与文化意识的必要性。