This study examines the extent to which U.S. federal agencies responded to and implemented the principles outlined in the White House's October 2022 "Blueprint for an AI Bill of Rights." The Blueprint provided a framework for the ethical governance of artificial intelligence systems, organized around five core principles: safety and effectiveness, protection against algorithmic discrimination, data privacy, notice and explanation about AI systems, and human alternatives and fallback. Through an analysis of publicly available records across 15 federal departments, the authors found limited evidence that the Blueprint directly influenced agency actions after its release. Only five departments explicitly mentioned the Blueprint, while 12 took steps aligned with one or more of its principles. However, much of this work appeared to have precedents predating the Blueprint or motivations disconnected from it, such as compliance with prior executive orders on trustworthy AI. Departments' activities often emphasized priorities like safety, accountability and transparency that overlapped with Blueprint principles, but did not necessarily stem from it. The authors conclude that the non-binding Blueprint seems to have had minimal impact on shaping the U.S. government's approach to ethical AI governance in its first year. Factors like public concerns after high-profile AI releases and obligations to follow direct executive orders likely carried more influence over federal agencies. More rigorous study would be needed to definitively assess the Blueprint's effects within the federal bureaucracy and broader society.

翻译：本研究考察了美国联邦机构在多大程度上响应并落实了白宫2022年10月发布的《人工智能权利法案蓝图》所阐述的原则。该蓝图围绕五项核心原则——安全与有效性、防止算法歧视、数据隐私、人工智能系统的通知与解释，以及人工替代与后备方案——为人工智能系统的伦理治理提供了框架。通过对15个联邦部门的公开记录进行分析，作者发现蓝图发布后直接指导机构行动的证据有限。仅有五个部门明确提及了该蓝图，而12个部门采取了符合其一项或多项原则的步骤。然而，这些工作大多在蓝图发布前已有先例，或其动机与该蓝图无关，例如为遵守先前关于可信人工智能的行政命令。各部门的活动往往强调与蓝图原则重叠的优先事项，如安全、问责制和透明度，但未必源于该蓝图。作者得出结论，这份不具约束力的蓝图在发布后的第一年内，对塑造美国政府伦理人工智能治理方式的影响似乎微乎其微。诸如高知名度人工智能系统发布后的公众关注以及遵循直接行政命令的义务等因素，可能对联邦机构产生了更大影响。要明确评估该蓝图在联邦官僚体系及更广泛社会中的影响，尚需进行更深入的研究。