We evaluate the performance of the LoRaWAN Long-Range Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (LR-FHSS) technique using a device-level probabilistic strategy for code rate and header replica allocation. Specifically, we investigate the effects of different header replica and code rate allocations at each end-device, guided by a probability distribution provided by the network server. As a benchmark, we compare the proposed strategy with the standardized LR-FHSS data rates DR8 and DR9. Our numerical results demonstrate that the proposed strategy consistently outperforms the DR8 and DR9 standard data rates across all considered scenarios. Notably, our findings reveal that the optimal distribution rarely includes data rate DR9, while data rate DR8 significantly contributes to the goodput and energy efficiency optimizations.

翻译：我们采用一种设备级的码率与包头副本分配概率策略，评估了LoRaWAN远距离跳频扩频（LR-FHSS）技术的性能。具体而言，我们研究了每个终端设备在不同包头副本数量和码率分配下的效果，其分配由网络服务器提供的概率分布指导。作为基准，我们将所提出的策略与标准化的LR-FHSS数据速率DR8和DR9进行比较。数值结果表明，在所有考虑的场景中，所提出的策略始终优于DR8和DR9标准数据速率。值得注意的是，我们的研究结果表明，最优分布几乎不包含数据速率DR9，而数据速率DR8对良好吞吐量和能效优化有显著贡献。