This paper systematizes log based Transparency Enhancing Technologies. Based on established work on transparency from multiple disciplines we outline the purpose, usefulness, and pitfalls of transparency. We outline the mechanisms that allow log based transparency enhancing technologies to be implemented, in particular logging mechanisms, sanitisation mechanisms and the trade-offs with privacy, data release and query mechanisms, and how transparency relates to the external mechanisms that can provide the ability to contest a system and hold system operators accountable. We illustrate the role these mechanisms play with two case studies, Certificate Transparency and cryptocurrencies, and show the role that transparency plays in their function as well as the issues these systems face in delivering transparency.

翻译：本文系统梳理了基于日志的透明度增强技术。基于多个学科中关于透明度的已有研究成果，我们阐述了透明度的目的、用途及其潜在问题。我们概述了实现基于日志的透明度增强技术的核心机制，特别是日志记录机制、净化机制及其与隐私之间的权衡、数据发布与查询机制，以及透明度如何与外部机制相关联——这些外部机制能够提供对系统提出质疑并追究系统操作者责任的能力。我们通过两个案例研究——证书透明度与加密货币——阐释了这些机制所发挥的作用，展示了透明度在其功能中的角色，以及这些系统在实现透明度时所面临的问题。