The integration of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) into wireless communication systems has emerged as a transformative approach, promising cost-efficient connectivity. This paper addresses the optimization of the dynamic time-splitting ratio and flight trajectory for a communication system linking a ground base station to the UAV equipped with backscatter devices (referred to as UB), and from UB to an end user. Given the inherent non-convexity of the problem, we develop two meta-heuristic-based approaches inspired by genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization to enhance the total achievable rate while reducing computational complexity. Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of these meta-heuristic solutions, showcasing significant improvements in the achievable rate and computation time compared to existing benchmarks.

翻译：将无人机（UAV）集成到无线通信系统中已成为一种变革性方法，有望提供高性价比的连通性。本文研究了一个通信系统中动态时间分割比与飞行轨迹的优化问题，该系统连接地面基站与搭载反向散射设备（简称UB）的无人机，以及从UB到终端用户。鉴于该问题固有的非凸性，我们开发了两种基于元启发式的方法，其灵感分别来自遗传算法和粒子群优化算法，旨在提高总可达速率同时降低计算复杂度。数值结果证明了这些元启发式解决方案的有效性，与现有基准相比，在可达速率和计算时间方面均展现出显著提升。