Educational disparities within the Dominican Republic (DR) have long-standing origins rooted in economic, political, and social inequity. Addressing these challenges has necessarily called for capacity building with respect to educational materials, high-quality instruction, and structural resourcing. Generative AI tools like ChatGPT have begun to pique the interest of Dominican educators due to their perceived potential to bridge these educational gaps. However, a substantial body of AI fairness literature has documented ways AI disproportionately reinforces power dynamics reflective of jurisdictions driving AI development and deployment policies, collectively termed the AI Global North. As such, indiscriminate adoption of this technology for DR education, even in part, risks perpetuating forms of digital coloniality. Therefore, this paper centers embracing AI-facilitated educational reform by critically examining how AI-driven tools like ChatGPT in DR education may replicate facets of digital colonialism. We provide a concise overview of 20th-century Dominican education reforms following the 1916 US occupation. Then, we employ identified neocolonial aspects historically shaping Dominican education to interrogate the perceived advantages of ChatGPT for contemporary Dominican education, as outlined by a Dominican scholar. This work invites AI Global North & South developers, stakeholders, and Dominican leaders alike to exercise a relational contextualization of data-centric epistemologies like ChatGPT to reap its transformative benefits while remaining vigilant of safeguarding Dominican digital sovereignty.

翻译：多米尼加共和国（DR）的教育差距源于长期存在的经济、政治与社会不平等。应对这些挑战必然要求加强教材建设、高质量教学和结构性资源等方面的能力建设。ChatGPT等生成式AI工具因其被认为具有弥合教育差距的潜力，逐渐引起多米尼加教育工作者的兴趣。然而，大量AI公平性文献表明，AI会以不成比例的方式强化反映驱动AI开发与部署政策的司法管辖区（统称"AI全球北方"）的权力动态。因此，在多米尼加教育中不加区分地采用该技术（即使部分采用）可能延续数字殖民主义的形式。基于此，本文通过批判性审视ChatGPT等AI驱动工具如何复制数字殖民主义，聚焦拥抱AI辅助教育改革。我们简要回顾1916年美国占领后20世纪多米尼加教育改革历程，继而运用历史上塑造多米尼加教育的新殖民主义特征，对多米尼加学者所概述的ChatGPT对当代多米尼加教育的潜在优势进行质疑。本研究旨在邀请AI全球北方与南方的开发者、利益相关者及多米尼加领导人，对ChatGPT等以数据为中心的认识论进行关系性情境化理解，在享受其变革性效益的同时，警惕维护多米尼加数字主权。