Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) is a technique that allows arbitrary computations to be performed on encrypted data without the need for decryption, making it ideal for securing many emerging applications. However, FHE computation is significantly slower than computation on plain data due to the increase in data size after encryption. Processing In-Memory (PIM) is a promising technology that can accelerate data-intensive workloads with extensive parallelism. However, FHE is challenging for PIM acceleration due to the long-bitwidth multiplications and complex data movements involved. We propose a PIM-based FHE accelerator, FHEmem, which exploits a novel processing in-memory architecture to achieve high-throughput and efficient acceleration for FHE. We propose an optimized end-to-end processing flow, from low-level hardware processing to high-level application mapping, that fully exploits the high throughput of FHEmem hardware. Our evaluation shows FHEmem achieves significant speedup and efficiency improvement over state-of-the-art FHE accelerators.

翻译：全同态加密（FHE）是一种无需解密即可对加密数据执行任意计算的技术，使其成为保障众多新兴应用安全的理想方案。然而，由于加密后数据规模增大，FHE计算速度远低于明文数据计算。内存内处理（PIM）是一种有望通过大规模并行性加速数据密集型工作负载的技术。然而，由于涉及长位宽乘法与复杂数据移动，FHE对PIM加速构成挑战。我们提出了一种基于PIM的FHE加速器FHEmem，其通过新型内存内处理架构实现了面向FHE的高吞吐与高效加速。我们设计了一套从底层硬件处理到高层应用映射的端到端优化处理流程，可充分挖掘FHEmem硬件的高吞吐能力。评估结果表明，相比现有最先进的FHE加速器，FHEmem实现了显著的加速比与效率提升。