Crypto wallets are a key touch-point for cryptocurrency use. People use crypto wallets to make transactions, manage crypto assets, and interact with decentralized apps (dApps). However, as is often the case with emergent technologies, little attention has been paid to understanding and improving accessibility barriers in crypto wallet software. We present a series of user studies that explored how both blind and sighted individuals use MetaMask, one of the most popular non-custodial crypto wallets. We uncovered inter-related accessibility, learnability, and security issues with MetaMask. We also report on an iterative redesign of MetaMask to make it more accessible for blind users. This process involved multiple evaluations with 44 novice crypto wallet users, including 20 sighted users, 23 blind users, and one user with low vision. Our study results show notable improvements for accessibility after two rounds of design iterations. Based on the results, we discuss design implications for creating more accessible and secure crypto wallets for blind users.

翻译：加密钱包是加密货币使用的关键接触点。人们使用加密钱包进行交易、管理加密资产以及与去中心化应用（dApps）交互。然而，正如新兴技术常见的情况一样，理解和改善加密钱包软件中的无障碍障碍问题尚未受到足够重视。我们通过一系列用户研究，探讨了盲人和明眼用户如何使用MetaMask（最受欢迎的非托管加密钱包之一）。我们发现了MetaMask在无障碍性、易学性和安全性之间相互关联的问题。我们还报告了为使MetaMask对盲人用户更易访问而进行的迭代重新设计过程。这一过程涉及对44名加密钱包新手用户的多次评估，其中包括20名明眼用户、23名盲人用户和1名低视力用户。研究结果表明，经过两轮设计迭代，无障碍性显著提升。基于研究结果，我们讨论了为盲人用户创建更易访问且更安全的加密钱包的设计启示。