Robotic systems' mobility is constrained by power sources and wiring. While pneumatic actuators remain tethered to air supplies, we developed a new actuator utilizing light energy. Inspired by nocturnal animals' eyes, we designed a bilayer soft actuator incorporating Laser-Induced Graphene (LIG) on the inner surface of a silicone layer. This design maintains silicone's transparency and flexibility while achieving 54% faster response time compared to conventional actuators through enhanced photothermal conversion.

翻译：机器人系统的移动性受限于电源与布线。尽管气动驱动器仍需连接气源，我们开发了一种利用光能的新型驱动器。受夜行动物眼睛结构启发，我们设计了一种双层软体驱动器，在硅胶层内表面集成激光诱导石墨烯（LIG）。该设计在保持硅胶层透明度与柔韧性的同时，通过增强的光热转换效率，响应时间较传统驱动器提升54%。