Text-based online counselling scales across geographical and stigma barriers, yet faces practitioner shortages, lacks non-verbal cues and suffers inconsistent quality assurance. Whilst artificial intelligence offers promising solutions, its use in mental health counselling raises distinct ethical challenges. This paper analyses three AI implementation approaches - autonomous counsellor bots, AI training simulators and counsellor-facing augmentation tools. Drawing on professional codes, regulatory frameworks and scholarly literature, we identify four ethical principles - privacy, fairness, autonomy and accountability - and demonstrate their distinct manifestations across implementation approaches. Textual constraints may enable AI integration whilst requiring attention to implementation-specific hazards. This conceptual paper sensitises developers, researchers and practitioners to navigate AI-enhanced counselling ethics whilst preserving human values central to mental health support.

翻译：基于文本的在线心理咨询能够跨越地域和污名化障碍，但也面临着从业者短缺、缺乏非语言线索以及质量保证不一致等问题。尽管人工智能提供了有前景的解决方案，但其在心理健康咨询中的应用引发了独特的伦理挑战。本文分析了三种人工智能实施路径——自主咨询机器人、人工智能培训模拟器以及面向咨询师的增强工具。借鉴专业守则、监管框架和学术文献，我们确定了四项伦理原则——隐私、公平、自主性和问责制——并展示了这些原则在不同实施路径中的具体表现形式。文本约束可能有助于人工智能的整合，同时也要求关注特定实施路径中的风险。这篇概念性论文旨在启发开发者、研究人员和从业者，引导他们在推进人工智能增强型心理咨询伦理的同时，守护心理健康支持中至关重要的人类价值。