Ontology matching (OM) enables semantic interoperability between different ontologies and resolves their conceptual heterogeneity by aligning related entities. OM systems currently have two prevailing design paradigms: conventional knowledge-based expert systems and newer machine learning-based predictive systems. While large language models (LLMs) and LLM agents have revolutionised data engineering and have been applied creatively in many domains, their potential for OM remains underexplored. This study introduces a novel agent-powered LLM-based design paradigm for OM systems. With consideration of several specific challenges in leveraging LLM agents for OM, we propose a generic framework, namely Agent-OM (Agent for Ontology Matching), consisting of two Siamese agents for retrieval and matching, with a set of simple OM tools. Our framework is implemented in a proof-of-concept system. Evaluations of three Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative (OAEI) tracks over state-of-the-art OM systems show that our system can achieve results very close to the long-standing best performance on simple OM tasks and can significantly improve the performance on complex and few-shot OM tasks.

翻译：本体匹配（OM）通过对齐相关实体，实现不同本体间的语义互操作性，并解决其概念异构性。当前OM系统主要存在两种主流设计范式：传统的基于知识的专家系统与较新的基于机器学习的预测系统。尽管大语言模型（LLM）及LLM智能体已彻底变革数据工程领域，并在诸多领域得到创新性应用，但其在OM中的潜力仍未得到充分探索。本研究提出了一种新型的、基于LLM智能体驱动的OM系统设计范式。针对利用LLM智能体进行OM所面临的若干具体挑战，我们提出了一个通用框架，即Agent-OM（用于本体匹配的智能体）。该框架由两个孪生智能体（分别负责检索与匹配）及一组简单的OM工具构成。我们通过一个概念验证系统实现了该框架。在三个本体对齐评估倡议（OAEI）赛道上的评估表明，与最先进的OM系统相比，我们的系统在简单OM任务上能达到与长期保持的最佳性能非常接近的结果，并在复杂及少样本OM任务上能显著提升性能。