Owing to its outstanding parallel computing capabilities, quantum computing (QC) has been a subject of continuous attention. With the gradual maturation of QC platforms, it has increasingly played a significant role in various fields such as transportation, pharmaceuticals, and industrial manufacturing,achieving unprecedented milestones. In modern society, wireless communication stands as an indispensable infrastructure, with its essence lying in optimization. Although artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms such as Reinforcement Learning (RL) and mathematical optimization have greatly enhanced the performance of wireless communication, the rapid attainment of optimal solutions for wireless communication problems remains an unresolved challenge. QC, however, presents a new alternative. This paper aims to elucidate the fundamentals of QC and explore its applications in wireless communications and networking. First, we will provide a tutorial on QC, covering its basics, characteristics, and popular QC algorithms. Next, we will introduce the applications of QC in communication and networking, followed by its applications in miscellaneous areas such as security and privacy, localization and tracking, and video streaming. Finally,we will discuss remaining open issues before concluding.

翻译：得益于其卓越的并行计算能力，量子计算（QC）一直备受持续关注。随着量子计算平台的逐步成熟，其在交通、制药、工业制造等多个领域日益发挥重要作用，并取得了前所未有的里程碑式成就。在现代社会中，无线通信是不可或缺的基础设施，其核心在于优化。尽管强化学习（RL）等人工智能（AI）算法以及数学优化已极大提升了无线通信的性能，但如何快速获得无线通信问题的最优解仍是一个悬而未决的挑战。然而，量子计算为此提供了一种新的替代方案。本文旨在阐明量子计算的基础知识，并探讨其在无线通信与网络中的应用。首先，我们将提供一个关于量子计算的教程，涵盖其基础、特性以及主流的量子计算算法。接着，我们将介绍量子计算在通信与网络中的应用，随后讨论其在安全与隐私、定位与追踪、视频流等杂项领域的应用。最后，在总结之前，我们将探讨当前仍存在的开放性问题。