A key task in AI practice is to assess potential impacts to prevent harm. Current AI tools assisting AI impact assessment have not been designed or evaluated for collaborative team brainstorming, and they do not capture the range of views in diverse teams. We studied how AI can support team brainstorming during AI impact assessment and made three contributions. First, we adapted two structured methods from strategic foresight and co-designed AI interventions for them in five in-person workshops with 28 participants in total. Second, we evaluated the interventions in ten in-person workshops with 54 participants, finding that AI improved impact assessment quality and brainstorming perceptions for a general-purpose AI use (a chatbot companion) but not for a specialised one (a kidney allocation application). Third, our findings result in broader design guidance for AI assistance in brainstorming: AI should only offer hints and not solutions during early ideation, initiating interaction only when participants face fixation or saturation; it should facilitate structuring ideas during convergence; leverage expertise to refine ideas; and overall, it should serve more in support of tedious brainstorming process tasks, rather than ideation that teams value to do themselves.

翻译：在AI实践中，评估潜在影响以防止危害是一项关键任务。当前辅助AI影响评估的AI工具并非为团队协作式头脑风暴而设计或评估，且未能捕捉多元团队中的观点多样性。我们研究了AI如何支持AI影响评估中的团队头脑风暴，并做出三项贡献。首先，我们从战略预见中调整了两种结构化方法，并在五场共28名参与者参与的面对面工作坊中共同设计了AI干预措施。其次，我们在十场共54名参与者的面对面工作坊中对这些干预措施进行了评估，发现对于通用型AI应用（聊天机器人伴侣），AI提升了影响评估质量与头脑风暴感知，但对专业型应用（肾脏分配程序）则未产生显著效果。第三，我们的研究结果形成了AI辅助头脑风暴的更广泛设计指导：在早期构思阶段，AI应仅提供提示而非解决方案，仅在参与者陷入思维固化或饱和时主动交互；在收敛阶段，它应助力想法结构化；利用专业知识完善想法；总体而言，AI应更侧重于支持繁琐的头脑风暴流程任务，而非团队珍视的自主构思环节。