Organizations continue to invest in artificial intelligence, yet many struggle to ensure that employees adopt and engage with these tools. Drawing on research highlighting the interpersonal and learning demands of technology use, this study examines whether psychological safety is associated with AI adoption and usage in the workplace. Using survey data from 2,257 employees in a global consulting firm, we test whether psychological safety is associated with adoption, usage frequency, and usage duration; and whether these relationships vary by organizational level, professional experience, or geographic region. Logistic and linear regression analyses show that psychological safety reliably predicts whether employees adopt AI tools but does not predict how often or how long they use AI once adoption has occurred. Moreover, the relationship between psychological safety and AI adoption is consistent across experience levels, role levels, and regions, and no moderation effects emerge. These findings suggest that psychological safety functions as a key antecedent of initial AI engagement but not of subsequent usage intensity. The study underscores the need to distinguish between adoption and sustained use and highlights opportunities for targeted organizational interventions in early-stage AI implementation.

翻译：组织持续投资于人工智能，但许多组织难以确保员工采纳并积极使用这些工具。本研究借鉴了强调技术使用过程中人际互动与学习需求的研究成果，探讨心理安全感是否与工作场所中的人工智能采纳及使用行为相关。基于一家全球咨询公司2,257名员工的调查数据，我们检验了心理安全感是否与人工智能工具的采纳、使用频率及使用时长存在关联，并分析这些关系是否因组织层级、专业经验或地理区域而异。逻辑回归与线性回归分析表明：心理安全感能可靠预测员工是否采纳人工智能工具，但无法预测采纳后的使用频率或时长。此外，心理安全感与人工智能采纳之间的关系在不同经验水平、职位层级和地区间保持稳定，未出现调节效应。这些发现表明，心理安全感是人工智能初始参与的关键前因变量，而非后续使用强度的预测因子。本研究强调需区分技术采纳与持续使用行为，并为早期人工智能实施阶段开展针对性组织干预提供了启示。