Ray tracing is a powerful tool that can be used to predict wireless channel characteristics, reducing the need for extensive channel measurements for channel characterization, evaluation of performance of sensing applications such as position location, and wireless network deployment. In this work, NYURay, a 3D mmWave and sub-THz ray tracer, is introduced, which is calibrated to wireless channel propagation measurements conducted at 28, 73, and 140 GHz, in indoor office, outdoor, and factory environments. We present an accurate yet low-complexity calibration procedure to obtain electrical properties of materials in any environment by modeling the reflection coefficient of building materials to be independent of the angle of incidence, a simplification shown to be quite effective in [1] over 30 years ago. We show that after calibration, NYURay can accurately predict individual directional multipath signal power. The standard deviation in the error of the directional multipath power predicted by the ray tracer compared to the directional measured power was less than 3 dB in indoor office environments and less than 2 dB in outdoor and factory environments.

翻译：射线追踪是一种强大的工具，可用于预测无线信道特性，从而减少在信道表征、定位等感知应用性能评估以及无线网络部署中所需的广泛信道测量工作。本文介绍了NYURay——一种三维毫米波与亚太赫兹射线追踪器，该工具基于在28、73和140 GHz频率下、于室内办公室、室外及工厂环境中进行的无线信道传播测量进行了校准。我们提出了一种精确且低复杂度的校准流程，通过将建筑材料的反射系数建模为与入射角无关（这一简化方法在30多年前的[1]中已被证明非常有效），来获取任意环境中材料的电特性。研究表明，经过校准后，NYURay能够准确预测单个定向多径信号功率。与定向测量功率相比，射线追踪器预测的定向多径功率误差标准差在室内办公室环境中小于3 dB，在室外及工厂环境中小于2 dB。