This study explores the concept of functional equivalence within the framework of the Non-Axiomatic Reasoning System (NARS), specifically through OpenNARS for Applications (ONA). Functional equivalence allows organisms to categorize and respond to varied stimuli based on their utility rather than perceptual similarity, thus enhancing cognitive efficiency and adaptability. In this study, ONA was modified to allow the derivation of functional equivalence. This paper provides practical examples of the capability of ONA to apply learned knowledge across different functional situations, demonstrating its utility in complex problem-solving and decision-making. An extended example is included, where training of ONA aimed to learn basic human-like language abilities, using a systematic procedure in relating spoken words, objects and written words. The research carried out as part of this study extends the understanding of functional equivalence in AGI systems, and argues for its necessity for level of flexibility in learning and adapting necessary for human-level AGI.

翻译：本研究探索了非公理推理系统（NARS）框架下的功能等价性概念，具体通过面向应用的开放NARS（ONA）实现。功能等价性使有机体能根据刺激的效用而非感知相似性进行分类并做出差异化响应，从而提升认知效率与适应性。本研究对ONA进行修改以支持功能等价性的推导。本文提供ONA将习得知识迁移至不同功能情境的实践案例，论证其在复杂问题求解与决策中的效用。文中包含扩展案例：通过系统化流程关联口语词汇、物体与书面文字，使ONA通过训练习得基础类人语言能力。本研究拓展了通用人工智能（AGI）系统中功能等价性的认知边界，并论证其对于实现人类级AGI所需的灵活学习与适应能力具有必要性。