We present Design-by-Morphing (DbM), a novel design methodology applicable to creating a search space for topology optimization of 2D airfoils. Most design techniques impose geometric constraints and sometimes designers' bias on the design space itself, thus restricting the novelty of the designs created, and only allowing for small local changes. We show that DbM methodology does not impose any such restrictions on the design space and allows for extrapolation from the search space, thus granting truly radical and large search space with a few design parameters. In comparison to other shape design methodologies, we apply DbM to create a search space for 2D airfoils. We optimize this airfoil shape design space for maximizing the lift-over-drag ratio, $CLD_{max}$, and stall angle tolerance, $\Delta \alpha$. Using a bi-objective genetic algorithm to optimize the DbM space, it is found that we create a Pareto-front of radical airfoils exhibiting remarkable properties for both objectives.

翻译：我们提出了一种新颖的设计方法——基于变形设计（Design-by-Morphing, DbM），该方法适用于构建二维翼型拓扑优化的搜索空间。大多数设计技术对设计空间本身施加几何约束，有时甚至融入设计师的偏见，从而限制了所生成设计的新颖性，仅允许微小的局部变化。研究表明，DbM方法不对设计空间施加任何此类限制，并允许从搜索空间进行外推，从而以少量设计参数实现真正激进且庞大的搜索空间。与其他形状设计方法相比，我们将DbM应用于构建二维翼型的搜索空间。我们对该翼型形状设计空间进行优化，以最大化升阻比（$CLD_{max}$）和失速角余量（$\Delta \alpha$）。通过使用双目标遗传算法优化DbM空间，我们生成了一个帕累托前沿，其中包含在两项指标上均表现出卓越特性的激进翼型。