Deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) students face significant challenges in specialized educational settings, such as limited exposure to written and spoken language, a lack of tailored educational tools, and restricted access to resources, impacting their language literacy development and overall educational experience. We, therefore, employed a User-Centered Design (UCD) process, collaborating with 8 DHH students and 2 Teachers of the Deaf (ToDs) from a School of Deaf to effectively develop and utilize a real-time captioning augmented reality (AR) system to their school settings, aiming to enhance their learning experience. User study with 24 DHH participants revealed a strong preference (87.5\%) for our system, underscoring its potential to enhance learning experience. We present a comprehensive needs analysis, the UCD process, system implementation, and user feedback, showcasing the effectiveness of tailored AR caption interfaces for DHH students. We also discuss the implications for future development of educational technologies for DHH students.

翻译：聋哑及听力障碍（DHH）学生在专业教育环境中面临重大挑战，例如接触书面语和口语的机会有限、缺乏定制化教育工具以及资源获取受限，这影响了他们的语言素养发展和整体教育体验。因此，我们采用以用户为中心的设计流程，与一所聋哑学校的8名DHH学生和2名聋哑教师合作，针对其学校环境有效开发并利用了一个实时字幕增强现实系统，旨在提升他们的学习体验。一项涉及24名DHH参与者的用户研究显示，参与者对我们的系统表现出强烈偏好（87.5%），突显了其提升学习体验的潜力。我们提出了全面的需求分析、UCD流程、系统实现及用户反馈，展示了为DHH学生定制AR字幕界面的有效性。我们还讨论了对未来开发面向DHH学生的教育技术的启示。