This paper presents a polarization-aware movable antenna (PAMA) framework that integrates polarization effects into the design and optimization of movable antennas (MAs). While MAs have proven effective at boosting wireless communication performance, existing studies primarily focus on phase variations caused by different propagation paths and leverage antenna movements to maximize channel gains. This narrow focus limits the full potential of MAs. In this work, we introduce a polarization-aware channel model rooted in electromagnetic theory, unveiling a defining advantage of MAs over other wireless technologies such as precoding: the ability to optimize polarization matching. This new understanding enables PAMA to extend the applicability of MAs beyond radio-frequency, multipath-rich scenarios to higher-frequency bands, such as mmWave, even with a single line-of-sight (LOS) path. Our findings demonstrate that incorporating polarization considerations into MAs significantly enhances efficiency, link reliability, and data throughput, paving the way for more robust and efficient future wireless networks.

翻译：本文提出了一种极化感知可移动天线框架，该框架将极化效应集成到可移动天线的设计与优化中。尽管可移动天线已被证明能有效提升无线通信性能，但现有研究主要关注由不同传播路径引起的相位变化，并利用天线移动来最大化信道增益。这种局限的视角限制了可移动天线的全部潜力。在本工作中，我们引入了一个基于电磁理论的极化感知信道模型，揭示了可移动天线相较于预编码等其他无线技术的一个决定性优势：优化极化匹配的能力。这一新的认识使得极化感知可移动天线能够将可移动天线的适用性从射频、多径丰富的场景扩展到更高频段，例如毫米波，即使在单一路径（视距路径）条件下亦然。我们的研究结果表明，将极化考量纳入可移动天线可显著提升效率、链路可靠性和数据吞吐量，为构建更稳健、更高效的未来无线网络铺平道路。