Scoliosis is a three-dimensional spinal deformity, which may lead to abnormal morphologies, such as thoracic deformity, and pelvic tilt. Severe patients may suffer from nerve damage and urinary abnormalities. At present, the number of scoliosis patients in primary and secondary schools has exceeded five million in China, the incidence rate is about 3% to 5% which is growing every year. The research on scoliosis, therefore, has important clinical value. This paper systematically introduces computer-assisted scoliosis screening and diagnosis as well as analyzes the advantages and limitations of different algorithm models in the current issue field. Moreover, the paper also discusses the current development bottlenecks in this field and looks forward to future development trends.

翻译：脊柱侧弯是一种三维脊柱畸形，可能导致胸廓畸形、骨盆倾斜等异常形态，严重患者可伴发神经损伤及排尿异常。目前，我国中小学脊柱侧弯患者已超500万例，发病率约为3%至5%且呈逐年上升趋势。因此，脊柱侧弯研究具有重要临床价值。本文系统介绍了计算机辅助脊柱侧弯筛查与诊断方法，分析了当前领域中不同算法模型的优势与局限性。此外，本文还探讨了该领域当前的发展瓶颈，并展望了未来发展趋势。