Thermal sensation is crucial to enhancing our comprehension of the world and enhancing our ability to interact with it. Therefore, the development of thermal sensation presentation technologies holds significant potential, providing a novel method of interaction. Traditional technologies often leave residual heat in the system or the skin, affecting subsequent presentations. Our study focuses on presenting thermal sensations with low residual heat, especially cold sensations. To mitigate the impact of residual heat in the presentation system, we opted for a non-contact method, and to address the influence of residual heat on the skin, we present thermal sensations without significantly altering skin temperature. Specifically, we integrated two highly responsive and independent heat transfer mechanisms: convection via cold air and radiation via visible light, providing non-contact thermal stimuli. By rapidly alternating between perceptible decreases and imperceptible increases in temperature on the same skin area, we maintained near-constant skin temperature while presenting continuous cold sensations. In our experiments involving 15 participants, we observed that when the cooling rate was -0.2 to -0.24 degree celsius per second and the cooling time ratio was 30 to 50 %, more than 86.67 % of the participants perceived only persistent cold without any warmth.

翻译：热感对于增强我们对世界的理解以及提升我们与世界的交互能力至关重要。因此，热感呈现技术的发展具有巨大潜力，为交互提供了新方法。传统技术常在系统或皮肤中残留热量，影响后续呈现。本研究聚焦于呈现低残余热的热感，尤其是冷感。为减轻呈现系统中残余热的影响，我们选择了非接触方法；为解决皮肤上残余热的影响，我们在不显著改变皮肤温度的情况下呈现热感。具体而言，我们集成了两种高响应且独立的传热机制：通过冷空气的对流和通过可见光的辐射，从而提供非接触热刺激。通过在同一皮肤区域快速交替感知到的温度下降和无法感知的温度上升，我们在维持皮肤温度近乎恒定的同时呈现持续冷感。在涉及15名参与者的实验中，我们观察到，当冷却速率为-0.2至-0.24摄氏度每秒，且冷却时间比例为30%至50%时，超过86.67%的参与者仅感知到持续冷感，而无任何温暖感。