Autonomous systems are often deployed in complex sociotechnical environments, such as public roads, where they must behave safely and securely. Unlike many traditionally engineered systems, autonomous systems are expected to behave predictably in varying "open world" environmental contexts that cannot be fully specified formally. As a result, assurance about autonomous systems requires us to develop new certification methods and mathematical tools that can bound the uncertainty engendered by these diverse deployment scenarios, rather than relying on static tools.

翻译：自主系统常部署于复杂的社会技术环境中（如公共道路），要求其行为具备安全性与可靠性。与传统工程系统不同，自主系统需在无法完全形式化规范的多样化"开放世界"环境背景下保持可预测行为。因此，针对自主系统的保障需要开发新型认证方法与数学工具——通过约束多样化部署场景引发的不确定性，而非依赖静态验证手段。