A process is able to execute a set of actions with a predefined manner, while a truly concurrent process executes this set of actions with a manner with the flavour of true concurrency. The so-called truly concurrent process algebras bridge the true concurrency (such as Petri nets, event structures, etc), and the interleaving concurrency (such as CCS, CSP, ACP, etc). In this paper, we give truly concurrent processes testing semantics followed by Hennessy's great work, which inherits the trinity of operational semantics, axiomatic semantics and denotational semantics.

翻译：一个进程能够以预定义的方式执行一组动作，而真并发进程则以具有真并发特性的方式执行这组动作。所谓的真并发进程代数桥接了真并发理论（如Petri网、事件结构等）与交织并发理论（如CCS、CSP、ACP等）。本文借鉴Hennessy的杰出工作，给出了真并发进程的测试语义，该语义继承了操作语义、公理语义和指称语义三位一体的特征。