项目名称: 基于相转移萃取技术的中空贵金属纳米材料宏量制备过程研究
项目编号: No.21476246
项目类型: 面上项目
立项/批准年度: 2015
项目学科: 有机化学
项目作者: 叶锋
作者单位: 中国科学院过程工程研究所
项目金额: 90万元
中文摘要: 调控纳米材料的结构和化学组成实现材料的功能强化是纳米材料合成领域的一个前沿研究方向。本项目就中空结构贵金属纳米材料的宏量制备和拓展应用展开研究,以Ag-贵金属核壳结构纳米材料为起始模板,结合相转移萃取技术,找寻廉价易得的化学试剂脱除Ag内核并对最终中空结构产物进行有效纯化,具体创新性体现在:(i)发展基于配体交换的相转移技术,将有机相制备的核壳结构纳米颗粒高效转移至水相,利用廉价易得的水溶性化学试剂(例如Na2S和NaCl等)和Ag(I)离子反应,脱除Ag内核;(ii)发展基于静电相互作用的可逆相转移技术将合成的中空结构纳米材料重新高效转移有机相,以分离纯化中空结构贵金属纳米颗粒与在水相去除Ag内核时生成的副产物(如Ag2S或AgCl等)。本项目是一项基础研究,它的成功实施将为有效解决中空结构贵金属纳米材料低成本、宏量制备和高效利用问题奠定技术基础,具有重要的理论意义和潜在工业应用价值。
中文关键词: 贵金属;核壳结构;中空结构;相转移;纳米材料
英文摘要: An important frontier in nanocrystal synthesis is the tuning of the structure and chemical compositions as a means of enhancing functionality. This project aims at the large-scale fabrication and further application of noble metal nanomaterials with hollow interiors. Upon using core-shell Ag-noble metal nanoparticles as starting templates, we will develop a phase-transfer technique based approach to prepare hollow structured noble metal nanoparticles, which rely on the utilization of cost-effective chemical agents to remove the core from core-shell templates. The novelties lie in: (i) Transfer of the core-shell templates from organic medium to aqueous phase using ligand-exchange approach, and the removal of Ag core from core-shell templates using cost-effective chemical agent (Na2S or NaCl); (ii) transfer of the obtained hollow structured noble metal nanoparticles back into organic solvent using electrostatic interaction-based strategy for the purification of hollow products. This project focuses on the large-scale syntheses, characterizations, and electrochemical evaluation of the noble metal nanomaterials with hollow ineteriors, and the successful actualization of this project may provide for the technological basis for highly efficient utilization of noble metals.
英文关键词: Noble metal;Core-shell;Hollow interior;Phase transfer;Nanomaterials