项目名称： 基于压电-摩擦双重效应的高功率ZnO纳米发电机的制备及其相关机理研究

项目编号： No.61504018

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 无线电电子学、电信技术

项目作者： 邱宇

作者单位： 大连理工大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 随着电子器件不断向微纳尺度的发展，开发出与微纳电子器件在尺度上相匹配的自供电纳米电源成为当前的一个新兴的研究课题。氧化锌（ZnO）兼具压电、半导体、生物兼容特性，使得ZnO基纳米发电机在微型电子器件、植入芯片、环境监控、生物医学医疗仪器等方面有着巨大的应用潜力。但是目前报道的ZnO纳米发电机输出功率普遍很小，且能量转换效率非常低，主要是因为由ZnO形变而产生的压电电荷会和其内部的自由载流子发生中和。本项目通过研究表面电荷对ZnO压电电势的影响规律，创新性地提出一种压电-摩擦复合式纳米发电机，即通过引入容易带负电荷的插入层（即摩擦层），在ZnO表面形成反向静电电势，从而减少自由载流子浓度，提高纳米发电机的输出性能。此外，通过多层结构等设计方案，进一步提高纳米发电机的能量转换效率。本项目的研究成果为纳米发电机的发展与应用提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 自供电传感器；压电效应；摩擦效应；氧化锌

英文摘要： With the development of electronic devices into micro/nano scale, looking for a proper self-powered source that matches the size of electronic devices has presented innovative and emerging research topics. ZnO has been intensively studied as one of the most attractive piezoelectric materials for self-powered nanogenerators, which has potential applications in small electronics, implantable chips, environmental monitoring, biomedical and medical equipments, because of its unique piezoelectric semiconducting properties coupled with biocompatibility. However, the small output signals and low energy conversion efficiency limit the application of ZnO nanogenerators, because free charge carriers in ZnO partially screen the generated piezoelectric charges. In this project, by studying the influence of surface charges on distribution of ZnO piezoelectric potential, a novel hybrid nanogenerator based on piezoelectric and triboelectric effect is proposed by the incorporation of a negatively charged interlayer (i.e., friction layer), which may suppress the free carriers. In addition, the energy conversion efficiency of nanogenerator will be further enhanced and maximized by utilizing the multi-layer structure design, which provide a theoretical basis for further advance the practical process of nanogenerator.

英文关键词： self-powered sensors;piezoelectric effect;triboelectric effect;ZnO