项目名称： 水流平行冲击和剧烈传热相变共同作用下熔融金属表面失稳及碎化机理研究

项目编号： No.51506134

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 能源与动力工程

项目作者： 周源

作者单位： 四川大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 高温熔融物与冷却剂接触后迅速碎化，诱发蒸汽爆炸是核能工业领域重要安全问题之一。本课题瞄准该过程中大块熔融物碎化这一关键现象，就其热质传递过程涵盖的科学问题，即水流平行冲击和传热相变共同作用下熔融物表面失稳及碎化特性展开研究。具体内容包括：完成在水流平行冲击和相变条件下，一维简化结构的高温熔融物碎化的可视化实验，突破传统直接模拟实验中界面、温度等关键瞬变参数难以有效观测的局限，掌握熔融物表面失稳碎化中界面行为和热量传递特性；建立熔融物碎化过程数值模拟方法，获得金属-汽-水的相界面、温场及流场特性，揭示熔融物碎化物理机制；基于实验现象和碎化机理，建立熔融物失稳碎化定量理论模型，解明其发生原因和抑制途径。本项目旨在阐明高温熔融物在外部冷却剂冲击下表面失稳碎化规律，为爆炸破坏力的准确预测以及抑制措施科学制定奠定理论和技术基础。

中文关键词： 多相流；热物理；碎化；高温熔融物；核安全

英文摘要： Abstract: Rapid fragmentation of high temperature melt after direct contact with coolant can induce steam explosion, which is one of the most important safety problems in nuclear power industry. The aim of this research is to study the heat and mass transfer process in bulk melt fragmentation phenomenon, namely investigate molten metal surface instability and fragmentation under the condition of coolant paralleled disturbance and intense boiling heat transfer. In order to overcome the deficiency of normal experiments which cannot obtain clear images of interface and temperature transient data, visual experiments on surface instability and fragmentation of melt with simplified one dimensional structure will be carried out to obtain the interface behavior and and heat transfer characteristics. A multi-phase flow and thermal hydraulic calculation code will be developed to simulate the interface behavior, temperature field and flow field, which will be used to reveal the physical mechanism of melt fragmentation. Based on experimental results and fragmentation mechanism, a molten metal fragmentation model under coolant paralleled disturbance condition will be developed to explain the reasons for its occurrence, and formulate suppression measures. The purpose of this project is to elucidate the high temperature melt surface instability and fragmentation rules. This study is of important practical value for steam explosion accurate prediction and suppression measure formulation.

英文关键词： Multiphase flow;thermal physics;fragmentation;high-temperature melt;nuclear safety