项目名称： 黄河中游窟野河流域植被变化对暴雨洪水过程的影响机理研究

项目编号： No.41501032

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 地质学

项目作者： 梁康

作者单位： 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所

项目金额： 24万元

中文摘要： 植被变化是影响流域水文过程的重要因素。窟野河流域作为黄河中游的主要暴雨区和产洪区，近年来流域内的植被变化非常显著，且流域内的暴雨洪水关系、暴雨产流阈值等也相应地发生了显著的变化。针对以往关于植被变化对暴雨洪水过程的影响机理研究不足的现状，本研究选择窟野河流域为研究对象，采用遥感、野外人工降雨产流实验和考虑植被变化影响的分布式暴雨洪水模型等方法，系统分析窟野河流域的植被演变格局、暴雨洪水径流变化特征及其与植被变化的关系，识别不同降雨和下垫面组合条件下的流域暴雨产流阈值，分析植被变化影响下的暴雨产流过程，定量揭示研究区植被变化对暴雨洪水过程的影响机理。本研究对深入理解和科学评价黄河中游植被变化的水文效应具有重要意义，并可为黄河中游流域的防洪减灾、水资源管理、水利工程设计及流域生态环境保护等提供借鉴。

中文关键词： 水文过程；水文模型；流域水循环；土地利用；过程观测

英文摘要： Vegetation cover change is a crucial factor that affects watershed hydrological processes. As the major source region of rainstorm and flood, the Kuye River Basin has been experiencing significant vegetation cover change in recent years. And the characteristics of rainstorm-runoff process and runoff-generation threshold have accordingly undergone significant changes. However, the impact of vegetation cover change on hydrological processes is still unclear now. It is urgent to study the mechanism and impacts of vegetation cover change on rainstorm-runoff processes. The objective of the project is to quantitatively assess the mechanism and contribution of vegetation cover change on rainstorm-runoff change in the Kuye River Basin. The contents of this investigation include: the changes in rainstorm-runoff and spatial-temporal pattern of vegetation cover, the influence of vegetation cover on rainstorm-runoff processes by field experiments, distributed hydrological model construction considering the effect of vegetation cover, runoff-generation threshold and the mechanism of vegetation cover on runoff changes. The results are crucial for understanding the impact of vegetation cover on rainstorm-runoff processes, which are also important for flood control, water resources management, hydraulic project design and ecological environment protection in the middle reaches of the Yellow River.

英文关键词： hydrological process;hydrological model;hydrological cycle;land use;process observation