The use of quantum cryptography in everyday applications has gained attention in both industrial and academic fields. Due to advancements in quantum electronics, practical quantum devices are already available in the market, and ready for wider use. Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a crucial aspect of quantum cryptography, which involves generating and distributing symmetric cryptographic keys between geographically separated users using principles of quantum physics. Many successful QKD networks have been established to test different solutions. The objective of this paper is to delve into the potential of utilizing established routing design techniques in the context of quantum key distribution, a field distinguished by its unique properties rooted in the principles of quantum mechanics. However, the implementation of these techniques poses substantial challenges, including quantum memory decoherence, key rate generation, latency delays, inherent noise in quantum systems, limited communication ranges, and the necessity for highly specialized hardware. This paper conducts an in-depth examination of essential research pertaining to the design methodologies for quantum key distribution. It also explores the fundamental aspects of quantum routing and the associated properties inherent to quantum QKD. This paper elucidates the necessary steps for constructing efficient and resilient QKD networks. In summarizing the techniques relevant to QKD networking and routing, including their underlying principles, protocols, and challenges, this paper sheds light on potential applications and delineates future research directions in this burgeoning field.

翻译：量子密码学在日常应用中的使用已在工业和学术领域引起广泛关注。由于量子电子学的进步，实用量子设备已进入市场，并准备进行更广泛的应用。量子密钥分发（QKD）是量子密码学的关键组成部分，它利用量子物理原理在地理上分离的用户之间生成和分发对称加密密钥。目前已建立了许多成功的QKD网络以测试不同解决方案。本文旨在深入探讨在量子密钥分发领域应用现有路由设计技术的潜力，该领域因其根植于量子力学原理的独特性质而与众不同。然而，这些技术的实施面临着重大挑战，包括量子存储器退相干、密钥生成速率、延迟、量子系统固有噪声、有限通信范围以及对高度专业化硬件的需求。本文对量子密钥分发设计方法学的重要研究进行了深入探讨，同时探究了量子路由的基本方面以及量子QKD固有的相关特性。本文阐明了构建高效且鲁棒的QKD网络所需的步骤。通过总结与QKD组网和路由相关的技术（包括其基本原理、协议和挑战），本文揭示了该新兴领域的潜在应用，并勾勒出未来的研究方向。