Biofoundries automate biological experimentation at unprecedented scale, promising speed, reproducibility, and access. Yet automation also reshapes how scientists experience experimentation and creativity. Through in-depth interviews with nine scientists and experts across academia and industry (including biofoundry developers, automation engineers, and end-users), we examine how scientific creativity is enacted under automation. Biofoundries displace sensory cues, redistribute responsibility between humans and machines, and transform troubleshooting from an embodied, local practice into a predictive, social, and interpretive one. Rather than framing biofoundries as automation factories, we argue that they should be understood as Creativity Support Tools, whose design directly shapes how researchers notice breakdowns, exercise judgment, learn from failure, and progress through success. By connecting biofoundry practice with prior HCI work on automation, debugging, and distributed creativity, this paper demonstrates biofoundries as a distinctive and timely site for creativity research in science.

翻译：生物铸造厂以空前的规模自动化生物学实验，承诺提升速度、可重复性和可及性。然而，自动化也重塑了科学家体验实验与创造力的方式。通过对学术界和工业界九位科学家与专家（包括生物铸造厂开发者、自动化工程师及终端用户）的深度访谈，我们探究了科学创造力如何在自动化条件下得以实现。生物铸造厂取代了感官线索，重新分配了人机之间的责任，并将问题排除从一种具身化的实地实践转变为预测性、社会性和解释性活动。我们主张，不应将生物铸造厂视为自动化工厂，而应将其理解为创造力支持工具——其设计直接决定了研究者如何察觉故障、做出判断、从失败中学习以及通过成功推进研究。通过将生物铸造厂实践与先前人机交互领域关于自动化、调试和分布式创造力的研究相连接，本文论证了生物铸造厂作为科学创造力研究中一个独特且适时的研究场域。