An effective human-robot collaborative process results in the reduction of the operator's workload, promoting a more efficient, productive, safer and less error-prone working environment. However, the implementation of collaborative robots in industry is still challenging. In this work, we compare manual and robot-assisted assembly processes to evaluate the effectiveness of collaborative robots while featuring different modes of operation (coexistence, cooperation and collaboration). Results indicate an improvement in ergonomic conditions and ease of execution without substantially compromising assembly time. Furthermore, the robot is intuitive to use and guides the user on the proper sequencing of the process.

翻译：有效的人机协作流程可减少操作员的工作负荷，促进更高效、更具生产力、更安全且错误率更低的工作环境。然而，协作机器人在工业中的实施仍面临挑战。本研究通过对比人工装配与机器人辅助装配流程，评估了协作机器人在不同操作模式（共存、合作与协作）下的有效性。结果表明，机器人辅助装配在基本不牺牲装配时间的前提下，改善了人体工程学条件并降低了操作难度。此外，机器人使用直观，能引导用户遵循正确的流程顺序。