The issue of dark patterns and deceptive designs (DPs) in everyday interfaces and interactions continues to grow. DPs are manipulative and malicious elements within user interfaces that deceive users into making unintended choices. In parallel, research on DPs has significantly increased over the past two decades. As the field has matured, epistemological gaps have also become a salient and pressing concern. In this scoping review, we assessed the academic work so far -- 51 papers between 2014 to 2023 -- to identify the state of theory in DP research. We identified the key theories employed, examined how these theories have been referenced, and call for enhancing the incorporation of theory into DP research. We also propose broad theoretical foundations to establish a comprehensive and solid base for contextualizing and informing future DP research from a variety of theoretical scopes and lenses.

翻译：在日常界面与交互中，黑暗模式与欺骗性设计（DPs）问题持续蔓延。DPs是用户界面中操纵性、恶意性元素，通过欺骗手段诱导用户做出非自愿选择。与此同时，近二十年关于DPs的研究显著增长。随着该领域的成熟，认识论层面的空白也愈发突出。本范围综述系统评估了截至当前（2014-2023年间51篇论文）的学术成果，以明确DP研究中的理论应用现状。我们识别了主要采用的理论框架，考察了这些理论的引用方式，并呼吁加强理论在DP研究中的融入。同时，提出宽泛的理论基础，旨在为未来DP研究建立全面坚实的理论参照体系，使其能够从多元理论视角与框架中获得语境化支撑与方向指引。