An eight-partition of a finite set of points (respectively, of a continuous mass distribution) in $\mathbb{R}^3$ consists of three planes that divide the space into $8$ octants, such that each open octant contains at most $1/8$ of the points (respectively, of the mass). In 1966, Hadwiger showed that any mass distribution in $\mathbb{R}^3$ admits an eight-partition; moreover, one can prescribe the normal direction of one of the three planes. The analogous result for finite point sets follows by a standard limit argument. We prove the following variant of this result: Any mass distribution (or point set) in $\mathbb{R}^3$ admits an eight-partition for which the intersection of two of the planes is a line with a prescribed direction. Moreover, we present an efficient algorithm for calculating an eight-partition of a set of $n$ points in $\mathbb{R}^3$ (with prescribed normal direction of one of the planes) in time $O^{*}(n^{5/2})$.
翻译:在三维空间 $\mathbb{R}^3$ 中,一个有限点集(或连续质量分布)的八分割由三个平面构成,这三个平面将空间划分为 $8$ 个卦限,使得每个开卦限至多包含 $1/8$ 的点(或质量)。1966 年,Hadwiger 证明了 $\mathbb{R}^3$ 中的任何质量分布均存在一个八分割;此外,可以预先指定三个平面中其中一个的法线方向。通过标准的极限论证,有限点集的类似结果随之成立。我们证明了该结果的以下变体:$\mathbb{R}^3$ 中的任何质量分布(或点集)均存在一个八分割,其中两个平面的交线具有预先指定的方向。此外,我们提出了一种高效算法,可在 $O^{*}(n^{5/2})$ 时间内计算 $\mathbb{R}^3$ 中 $n$ 个点集的一个八分割(其中一个平面的法线方向已预先指定)。