This study presents a narrative review of the literature on privacy concerns of Open Government Data (OGD) programs and identifies suggested technical, procedural, and legal remedies. Peer-reviewed articles were identified and analysed from major bibliographic databases, including Web of Science, Digital ACM Library, IEEE Explore Digital Library and Science Direct. Included articles focus on identifying individual information privacy concerns from the viewpoint of OGD stakeholders or providing solutions for mitigating concerns and risks. Papers that discussed and focused on general privacy issues or privacy concerns of open data in general or open science privacy concerns were excluded. Three streams of research were identified: 1) exploring privacy concerns and balance with OGD value propositions, 2) proposing solutions for mitigating privacy concerns, and 3) developing risk-based frameworks for the OGD program at different governmental levels. Findings suggest that contradictions with Fair Information Practices, reidentification risks, conflicts with OGD value propositions, and smart city data practices are significant privacy concerns in the literature. Proposed solutions include technical, legal, and procedural measures to mitigate privacy concerns. Building on the findings, practical implications and suggested future research directions are provided.
翻译:本研究对开放政府数据(OGD)项目中隐私关注的相关文献进行了叙事性综述,并识别了建议的技术性、程序性和法律性补救措施。通过分析来自Web of Science、ACM数字图书馆、IEEE Xplore数字图书馆和Science Direct等主要书目数据库的同行评审文章,纳入的研究聚焦于从OGD利益相关者的角度识别个体信息隐私关注,或提供降低风险与缓解问题的解决方案。讨论并聚焦于一般隐私问题、开放数据整体隐私关注或开放科学隐私关注的文章被排除在外。研究识别出三条研究路径:1)探索隐私关注及其与OGD价值主张的平衡;2)提出缓解隐私关注的解决方案;3)在不同政府层级开发基于风险的OGD项目框架。研究结果表明,文献中显著的隐私关注包括与公平信息实践的矛盾、重识别风险、与OGD价值主张的冲突以及智慧城市数据实践。提出的解决方案涵盖技术、法律和程序性措施以缓解隐私关注。基于研究发现,本文提供了实践启示并提出了未来研究方向建议。