A major problem in blockchain-based supply chain management is the potential unreliability of digital twins when considering digital representations of physical goods. Indeed, the use of blockchain technology to trace goods is obviously ineffective if there is no strong correspondence between what is physically exchanged and the digital information that appears in blockchain transactions. In this work, we propose a model for strengthening the supply chain management of physical goods by leveraging blockchain technology along with a digital-twin verification feature. Our model can be instantiated in various scenarios and we have in particular considered the popular case of food traceability. In contrast to other models known in the literature that propose their own ad-hoc properties to assess the robustness of their supply chain management systems, in this work we use the formalism of secure computation, where processes are described through generic and natural ideal functionalities.

翻译：基于区块链的供应链管理中的一个主要问题在于，当考虑物理商品的数字表示时，数字孪生可能存在不可靠性。实际上，如果物理交换的物品与区块链交易中出现的数字信息之间缺乏强对应关系，那么使用区块链技术来追溯商品显然是无效的。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种模型，通过结合区块链技术与数字孪生验证功能来加强物理商品的供应链管理。我们的模型可在多种场景中实例化，我们特别考虑了食品追溯这一常见案例。与文献中已知的其他模型不同，这些模型提出自己的特定属性来评估其供应链管理系统的稳健性；而在本工作中，我们使用安全计算的形式化方法，通过通用且自然的理想功能来描述流程。