Bluetooth Channel Sounding (CS) enables accurate phase-based ranging, but multi-anchor localization requires sequential ranging exchanges that limit scalability and increase measurement latency. This paper proposes Ranging-Assisted Phase Difference of Arrival (RA-PDoA), a scalable BLE localization architecture combining one active anchor performing a standard two-way CS exchange with multiple passive receive-only anchors observing the same transmissions. A channel-recovery framework is derived that enables passive anchors to reconstruct a channel response suitable for super-resolution delay estimation, allowing multipath-robust ranging without participating in a two-way exchange. Coarse arrival-time information is further used to bound the position estimate and reject inconsistent range solutions. A comprehensive evaluation characterizes the impact of multipath propagation, body shadowing, synchronization requirements, oscillator impairments, anchor placement, and deployment inaccuracies, thereby quantifying the practical infrastructure requirements for scalable BLE localization. Simulation results in modeled indoor environments show that RA-PDoA reduces the 90th-percentile localization error from 175.3 cm to 95.5 cm under body shadowing while maintaining an airtime requirement independent of the number of anchors. The results demonstrate that a single active ranging link enables scalable and multipath-robust BLE Channel Sounding localization.

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