We developed and validated RetinaVR, an affordable and immersive virtual reality simulator for vitreoretinal surgery training, using the Meta Quest 2 VR headset. We focused on four core fundamental skills: core vitrectomy, peripheral shaving, membrane peeling, and endolaser application. The validation study involved 10 novice ophthalmology residents and 10 expert vitreoretinal surgeons. We demonstrated construct validity, as shown by the varying user performance in a way that correlates with experimental runs, age, sex, and expertise. RetinaVR shows promise as a portable and affordable simulator, with potential to democratize surgical simulation access, especially in developing countries.

翻译：我们开发并验证了RetinaVR——一款基于Meta Quest 2 VR头显的沉浸式低成本虚拟现实玻璃体视网膜手术训练模拟器。该模拟器聚焦四项核心基础技能：核心玻璃体切割、周边玻璃体切削、视网膜前膜剥离以及眼内激光光凝。验证研究涉及10名新手眼科住院医师和10名玻璃体视网膜手术专家。通过用户表现与实验轮次、年龄、性别及专业水平的相关性分析，研究证实了该模拟器的构念效度（construct validity）。RetinaVR作为一种便携式低成本模拟器，在发展中国家等资源受限地区具有显著的应用潜力，有望推动外科模拟训练的可及性民主化进程。