To facilitate an effective, efficient, transparent, and timely decision-making process as well as to provide guidelines for industry planning and public policy development, a conceptual framework of digital twins (DTs) for logistics and supply chain systems (LSCS) is needed. This paper first introduces the background of the logistics and supply chain industry, the DT and its potential benefits, and the motivations and scope of this research. The literature review indicates research and practice gaps and needs that motivate proposing a new conceptual DT framework for LSCS. As each element of the new framework has different requirements and goals, it initiates new research opportunities and creates practical implementation challenges. As such, the future of DT computation involves advanced analytics and modeling techniques to address the new agenda's requirements. Finally, ideas on the next steps to deploy a transparent, trustworthy, and resilient DT for LSCS are presented.

翻译：为促进高效、透明且及时的决策过程，并为产业规划与公共政策制定提供指导，亟需构建面向物流与供应链系统（LSCS）的数字孪生（DTs）概念框架。本文首先介绍了物流与供应链行业背景、数字孪生技术及其潜在价值，以及本研究的动机与范围。文献综述揭示了当前研究与实践中的空白与需求，从而催生了针对LSCS的新型数字孪生概念框架的提出。由于新框架各要素具有差异化的需求与目标，由此激发了新的研究机遇，同时也带来了实践落地的挑战。基于此，未来数字孪生计算需融合先进的分析与建模技术，以应对新议程的诉求。最后，本文就如何部署透明、可信且具有韧性的LSCS数字孪生系统提出了后续推进思路。