We examine the age of information (AoI) of a status update system that incorporates energy harvesting and uses the slotted ALOHA protocol. We derive analytically the average AoI and the probability that the AoI exceeds a given threshold. Via numerical results, we investigate two strategies to minimize the age of information (AoI): transmitting a new update whenever possible to exploit every chance to reduce the AoI, and transmitting only when sufficient energy is available to increase the chance of successful delivery. The two strategies are beneficial for low and high update generation rates, respectively. However, an optimized approach that balances the two strategies outperforms them significantly in terms of both AoI and throughput.

翻译：我们研究了采用能量收集技术并使用时隙ALOHA协议的状态更新系统的信息年龄（AoI）。我们通过解析方法推导了平均AoI以及AoI超过给定阈值的概率。通过数值结果，我们探讨了两种最小化信息年龄（AoI）的策略：一是尽可能发送新更新以利用每一次机会降低AoI，二是仅在拥有充足能量时才发送以提高成功传输的概率。这两种策略分别适用于低更新生成率和高更新生成率场景。然而，平衡这两种策略的优化方法在AoI和吞吐量方面均显著优于二者自身。