An important issue in the field of academic measurement is how to evaluate academic influence scientifically and comprehensively, which can help government and research organizations better allocate academic resources and recruit researchers. It is generally accepted that using weighted citations to measure academic influence is more reasonable than treating all citations equally. Given the limitations of the existing c-index, the first index in bibliometric literature that measures output based on the quantity and quality of received citations, we propose the x-index, which assigns weight to each citation according to its distance. By defining collaboration distance and citation distance, we first analyze the properties of the collaboration network and citation distance, then perform theoretical and empirical analyses on c-index to reveal its shortcomings, finally, we suggest the x-index and conduct experiments and analysis on the x-index. Experimental results demonstrate that compared with the c-index, h-index, and g-index, the x-index shows a stronger discriminatory power.

翻译：学术计量领域的一个重要问题是,如何从科学和全面的角度评价学术影响,这可以帮助政府和研究组织更好地分配学术资源和征聘研究人员。人们普遍认为,使用加权引文衡量学术影响比同等对待所有引文更为合理。鉴于现有的c-index,即根据所收到引文的数量和质量衡量产出的文献文献中第一个指数的局限性,我们建议采用x-index,该指数根据距离对每一引文给予权重。我们通过界定合作距离和引文距离,首先分析合作网络和引文距离的特性,然后对c-index进行理论和经验分析,以揭示其缺点。最后,我们建议采用x-index,对x-index进行实验和分析。实验结果表明,与c-index、h-index和g-index相比,x-index显示出更强烈的歧视性力量。