This paper systematizes log based Transparency Enhancing Technologies. Based on established work on transparency from multiple disciplines we outline the purpose, usefulness, and pitfalls of transparency. We outline the mechanisms that allow log based transparency enhancing technologies to be implemented, in particular logging mechanisms, sanitisation mechanisms and the trade-offs with privacy, data release and query mechanisms, and how transparency relates to the external mechanisms that can provide the ability to contest a system and hold system operators accountable. We illustrate the role these mechanisms play with two case studies, Certificate Transparency and cryptocurrencies, and show the role that transparency plays in their function as well as the issues these systems face in delivering transparency.

翻译：本文系统梳理了基于日志的透明度增强技术。基于多学科透明度研究的基础成果，我们阐述了透明度的目的、效用及潜在问题。我们概述了实现基于日志的透明度增强技术所需的核心机制，特别是日志记录机制、清理机制及其与隐私保护的权衡、数据发布与查询机制，以及透明度如何与外部机制（如系统审计问责机制）相关联。通过证书透明度和加密货币两个案例研究，我们阐明了这些机制所扮演的角色，揭示了透明度在系统功能中的作用以及这些系统在实现透明度时面临的挑战。