We introduce Brain-Artificial Intelligence Interfaces (BAIs) as a new class of Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs). Unlike conventional BCIs, which rely on intact cognitive capabilities, BAIs leverage the power of artificial intelligence to replace parts of the neuro-cognitive processing pipeline. BAIs allow users to accomplish complex tasks by providing high-level intentions, while a pre-trained AI agent determines low-level details. This approach enlarges the target audience of BCIs to individuals with cognitive impairments, a population often excluded from the benefits of conventional BCIs. We present the general concept of BAIs and illustrate the potential of this new approach with a Conversational BAI based on EEG. In particular, we show in an experiment with simulated phone conversations that the Conversational BAI enables complex communication without the need to generate language. Our work thus demonstrates, for the first time, the ability of a speech neuroprosthesis to enable fluent communication in realistic scenarios with non-invasive technologies.

翻译：我们提出脑-人工智能接口（BAIs）作为一种新型脑机接口（BCIs）。与依赖完整认知能力的传统BCIs不同，BAIs利用人工智能的力量替代部分神经-认知处理流程。用户通过提供高层次意图即可完成复杂任务，而预训练的AI智能体则负责确定低层级细节。这种方法将BCI的目标受众扩展至认知障碍患者——这一群体往往被传统BCI技术排除在外。我们阐述了BAI的通用概念，并通过基于脑电图（EEG）的对话式BAI展示了这一新方法的潜力。特别是在模拟电话对话的实验中，我们证明该对话式BAI无需生成语言即可实现复杂交流。我们的研究首次证明了言语神经假体在现实场景中通过非侵入技术实现流畅交流的能力。