Collective decision-making is crucial to information and communication systems. Decision conflicts among agents hinder the maximization of potential utilities of the entire system. Quantum processes can realize conflict-free joint decisions among two agents using the entanglement of photons or quantum interference of orbital angular momentum (OAM). However, previous studies have always presented symmetric resultant joint decisions. Although this property helps maintain and preserve equality, it cannot resolve disparities. Global challenges, such as ethics and equity, are recognized in the field of responsible artificial intelligence as responsible research and innovation paradigm. Thus, decision-making systems must not only preserve existing equality but also tackle disparities. This study theoretically and numerically investigates asymmetric collective decision-making using quantum interference of photons carrying OAM or entangled photons. Although asymmetry is successfully realized, a photon loss is inevitable in the proposed models. The available range of asymmetry and method for obtaining the desired degree of asymmetry are analytically formulated.

翻译：集体决策对信息与通信系统至关重要。决策主体间的冲突会阻碍系统整体潜在效用的最大化。量子过程可通过光子纠缠或轨道角动量(OAM)量子干涉实现两主体间无冲突的联合决策。然而，以往研究始终呈现对称性联合决策结果。虽然这一特性有助于维护和保持平等性，但无法解决差异性问题。在负责任人工智能领域，伦理与公平等全球性挑战已被视为负责任研究与创新范式。因此，决策系统不仅要维护现有平等性，还需应对差异性问题。本研究通过携带OAM的光子量子干涉或纠缠光子，从理论与数值两方面探究非对称集体决策。尽管成功实现了非对称性，但所提模型中必然存在光子损耗。本文分析推导了非对称性的可行范围及获取目标非对称度的方法。