This paper addresses the critical issue of psychological safety in the design and operation of autonomous vehicles, which are increasingly integrated with artificial intelligence technologies. While traditional safety standards focus primarily on physical safety, this paper emphasizes the psychological implications that arise from human interactions with autonomous vehicles, highlighting the importance of trust and perceived risk as significant factors influencing user acceptance. Through a review of existing safety techniques, the paper defines psychological safety in the context of autonomous vehicles, proposes a risk model to identify and assess psychological risks, and adopts a system-theoretic analysis method. The paper illustrates the potential psychological hazards using a scenario involving a family's experience with an autonomous vehicle, aiming to systematically evaluate situations that could lead to psychological harm. By establishing a framework that incorporates psychological safety alongside physical safety, the paper contributes to the broader discourse on the safe deployment of autonomous vehicle and aims to guide future developments in user-cantered design and regulatory practices.

翻译：本文探讨了自动驾驶车辆设计与运行中的关键心理安全问题，这些车辆正日益与人工智能技术深度融合。传统安全标准主要关注物理安全，而本文着重分析了人与自动驾驶车辆交互过程中产生的心理影响，强调信任与感知风险作为影响用户接受度的重要因素。通过对现有安全技术的综述，本文界定了自动驾驶车辆背景下的心理安全概念，提出了用于识别和评估心理风险的风险模型，并采用系统理论分析方法。文章通过一个家庭使用自动驾驶车辆的场景实例，阐释了潜在的心理危害，旨在系统评估可能导致心理伤害的情境。通过建立融合心理安全与物理安全的框架，本文为自动驾驶车辆安全部署的广泛讨论作出贡献，并致力于指导未来以用户为中心的设计与监管实践的发展。