This letter investigates Airy beam dispersion in near-field wideband terahertz communications. Unlike conventional focusing beams, whose dispersion mainly appears as focal-point migration, Airy beams exhibit frequency-dependent shifts of both the reference focusing point and the self-bending main-lobe trajectory. Based on the Fresnel diffraction integral, a closed-form trajectory expression is derived to characterize the dispersion behavior across subcarriers. Furthermore, a true-time-delay (TTD)-assisted Airy beamforming structure is developed to actively control the trajectory dispersion. By properly designing the time delay parameters, the proposed scheme can either generate frequency-dependent curved trajectory clusters for sensing-oriented scanning or suppress trajectory drift for reliable communication.

翻译：本文研究了近场宽频太赫兹通信中艾里光束的色散特性。与主焦斑迁移的传统聚焦光束不同，艾里光束的色散同时表现为参考聚焦点和自弯曲主瓣轨迹的频率依赖性偏移。基于菲涅耳衍射积分理论，推导出表征各子载波色散行为的轨迹闭合表达式。进一步提出一种真时延辅助的艾里波束成形架构，通过合理设计时延参数实现对轨迹色散的主动调控。该方案既可生成传感扫描所需的频率相关弯曲轨迹簇，亦可抑制轨迹漂移以实现可靠通信。