The development of smart city transport systems, including self-driving cars, leads to an increase in the threat of hostile interference in the processes of vehicle control. This interference may disrupt the normal functioning of the transport system, and, if is performed covertly, the system can be negatively affected for a long period of time. This paper develops a simulation stochastic cellular automata model of traffic on a circular two-lane road based on the Sakai-Nishinari-Fukui-Schadschneider (S-NFS) rules. In the presented model, in addition to ordinary vehicles, there are covertly counteracting vehicles; their task is to reduce the quantity indicators (such as traffic flux) of the transport system using special rules of behavior. Three such rules are considered and compared: two lane-changing rules and one slow-down rule. It is shown that such counteracting vehicles can affect the traffic flow, mainly in the region of the maximum of the fundamental diagram, that is, at average values of the vehicle density. In free-flowing traffic or in a traffic jam, the influence of the counteracting vehicle is negligible regardless of its rules of behavior.

翻译：智能城市交通系统的发展，包括自动驾驶汽车，导致车辆控制过程中敌对干扰的威胁增加。这种干扰可能破坏交通系统的正常运作，若以隐蔽方式实施，则系统可能在较长时间内受到负面影响。本文基于Sakai-Nishinari-Fukui-Schadschneider (S-NFS)规则，开发了一个环形双车道交通流的随机元胞自动机仿真模型。在该模型中，除了普通车辆外，还存在隐蔽的对抗车辆；其任务是通过特殊行为规则降低交通系统的数量指标（如交通流量）。我们考虑并比较了三种这样的规则：两种换道规则和一种减速规则。研究表明，此类对抗车辆能够影响交通流，主要发生在基本图最大值区域，即平均车辆密度值处。在自由流交通或交通拥堵状态下，无论对抗车辆的行为规则如何，其影响均可忽略不计。