Low-altitude economy (LAE) is transforming low-altitude airspace into a new cyber-physical infrastructure. Although air-ground communications have been widely studied, LAE is fundamentally different in the sense that it is mission-centric with diverse requirements, such as stringent safety and compliance constraints not be effectively addressed with a communication-centric design alone, which makes air-ground collaboration indispensable: Only through effectively coordinating air-ground infrastructure and resources can LAE missions be fulfilled. Consequently, LAE calls for task-driven, closed-loop, multi-resource orchestration of Sensing, Communication, Computing, Storage, and Intelligence (SCCSI), where key decisions must be co-designed under mobility and uncertainty. In this paper, we first present a novel framework that connects (i) LAE scenarios and a requirement--resource coupling matrix, (ii) an air--ground collaborative architecture, and (iii) methodological toolboxes for SCCSI co-optimization and online decision-making. We then systematically review enabling technologies for collaborative SCCSI resources and capabilities, emphasizing their coupling and end-to-end tradeoffs. Finally, we summarize testbeds, datasets, and evaluation metrics, and provide representative use cases to illustrate how the proposed framework translates application requirements into practical task-driven optimization designs, together with open challenges and a roadmap toward scalable and trustworthy LAE deployment.

翻译：低空经济（LAE）正在将低空空域转变为一种全新的信息物理基础设施。尽管空地通信已被广泛研究，但低空经济本质上是任务中心型的，具有多样化的需求，例如严格的安全和合规约束无法仅通过通信中心型设计来有效应对，这使得空地协作不可或缺：只有通过有效协调空地基础设施和资源，低空经济任务才能得以完成。因此，低空经济要求对感知、通信、计算、存储与智能（SCCSI）进行任务驱动的、闭环的、多资源编排，其中关键决策必须在移动性和不确定性条件下进行协同设计。本文首先提出了一种新颖框架，该框架将 (i) 低空经济场景与需求-资源耦合矩阵、(ii) 空地协同架构，以及 (iii) 用于SCCSI协同优化和在线决策的方法工具箱联系起来。随后，我们系统性地回顾了支持SCCSI资源和能力协同的关键技术，强调了它们之间的耦合关系及端到端权衡。最后，我们总结了测试平台、数据集和评估指标，并提供了代表性用例，以说明所提框架如何将应用需求转化为实际的任务驱动型优化设计，同时指出了开放挑战以及迈向可扩展且可信赖的低空经济部署的路线图。