With the goal of enabling ultrareliable and low-latency wireless communications for industrial internet of things (IIoT), this paper studies the use of energy-based modulations in noncoherent massive single input multiple output (SIMO) systems. We consider a one-shot communication over a channel with correlated Rayleigh fading and colored Gaussian noise. We first provide a theoretical analysis on the limitations of non-negative pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM) in systems of this kind, based on maximum likelihood detection. The existence of a fundamental error floor at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regimes is proved for constellations with more than two energy levels, when no (statistical) channel state information is available at the transmitter. In the main body of the paper, we present a design framework for quadratic detectors that generalizes the widely-used energy detector, to better exploit the statistical knowledge of the channel. This allows us to design receivers optimized according to information-theoretic criteria that exhibit lower error rates at moderate and high SNR. We subsequently derive an analytic approximation for the error probability of a general class of quadratic detectors in the large array regime. Finally, we introduce an improved reception scheme based on the combination of quadratic detectors and assess its capabilities numerically.

翻译：为实现工业物联网（IIoT）的超可靠低延迟无线通信，本文研究了能量调制在非相干大规模单输入多输出（SIMO）系统中的应用。我们考虑在相关瑞利衰落和有色高斯噪声信道上进行单次通信。首先，基于最大似然检测，对非负脉冲幅度调制（PAM）在该类系统中的局限性进行了理论分析。证明当发射端无（统计）信道状态信息时，对于具有两个以上能量电平的星座图，在高信噪比（SNR）区域存在基础错误平层。论文主体部分提出了一种广义化经典能量检测器的二次检测器设计框架，以更好地利用信道统计知识。据此可设计出基于信息论准则优化的接收机，在中高信噪比下实现更低的误码率。随后，我们推导了大阵列场景下通用二次检测器误码概率的解析近似表达式。最后，介绍了一种基于二次检测器组合的改进接收方案，并通过数值仿真评估其性能。