Multi-agent systems (MAS) have gained relevance in the field of artificial intelligence by offering tools for modelling complex environments where autonomous agents interact to achieve common or individual goals. In these systems, norms emerge as a fundamental component to regulate the behaviour of agents, promoting cooperation, coordination and conflict resolution. This article presents a systematic review, following the PRISMA method, on the emergence of norms in MAS, exploring the main mechanisms and factors that influence this process. Sociological, structural, emotional and cognitive aspects that facilitate the creation, propagation and reinforcement of norms are addressed. The findings highlight the crucial role of social network topology, as well as the importance of emotions and shared values in the adoption and maintenance of norms. Furthermore, opportunities are identified for future research that more explicitly integrates emotional and ethical dynamics in the design of adaptive normative systems. This work provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of research on norm emergence in MAS, serving as a basis for advancing the development of more efficient and flexible systems in artificial and real-world contexts.

翻译：多智能体系统（MAS）通过为自主智能体为实现共同或个体目标而交互的复杂环境建模提供工具，在人工智能领域获得了重要地位。在这些系统中，规范作为调节智能体行为、促进合作、协调和冲突解决的基本组成部分而涌现。本文遵循PRISMA方法，对MAS中规范的涌现进行了系统性综述，探讨了影响这一过程的主要机制和因素。文中讨论了促进规范创建、传播和强化的社会学、结构性、情感和认知方面。研究结果强调了社交网络拓扑结构的关键作用，以及情感和共享价值在规范采纳与维持中的重要性。此外，本文还识别了未来研究的机会，即可在自适应规范系统设计中更明确地整合情感与伦理动态。本工作全面概述了当前关于MAS中规范涌现的研究现状，为推进人工和现实环境中更高效、更灵活的系统发展奠定了基础。