The increasing use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) by students in learning presents new challenges for assessing their learning outcomes in project-based learning (PBL). This paper introduces a co-design study to explore the potential of students' AI usage data as a novel material for PBL assessment. We conducted workshops with 18 college students, encouraging them to speculate an alternative world where they could freely employ AI in PBL while needing to report this process to assess their skills and contributions. Our workshops yielded various scenarios of students' use of AI in PBL and ways of analyzing these uses grounded by students' vision of education goal transformation. We also found students with different attitudes toward AI exhibited distinct preferences in how to analyze and understand the use of AI. Based on these findings, we discuss future research opportunities on student-AI interactions and understanding AI-enhanced learning.

翻译：随着学生在学习中越来越多地使用人工智能（AI），这为评估他们在项目式学习（PBL）中的学习成果带来了新挑战。本文介绍了一项协同设计研究，旨在探索将学生AI使用数据作为PBL评估新素材的潜力。我们组织了18名大学生参与工作坊，鼓励他们设想一个可以自由使用AI完成PBL项目、同时需通过汇报AI使用过程来证明自身技能与贡献的替代性世界。工作坊产出了多种学生使用AI的PBL场景，以及基于学生对教育目标转变的愿景所构建的分析方法。我们还发现，对AI持有不同态度的学生在分析理解AI使用方式时展现出明显偏好。基于这些发现，我们探讨了学生-AI交互与理解AI增强学习的未来研究方向。