Quantum computers have evolved from the theoretical realm into a race to large-scale implementations. This is due to the promise of revolutionary speedups, where achieving such speedup requires designing an algorithm that harnesses the structure of a problem using quantum mechanics. Yet many quantum programming languages today require programmers to reason at a low level of quantum gate circuitry. This presents a significant barrier to entry for programmers who have not yet built up an intuition about quantum gate semantics, and it can prove to be tedious even for those who have. In this paper, we present Qwerty, a new quantum programming language that allows programmers to manipulate qubits more expressively than gates, relegating the tedious task of gate selection to the compiler. Due to its novel basis type and easy interoperability with Python, Qwerty is a powerful framework for high-level quantum-classical computation.

翻译：量子计算机已从理论领域演进至大规模实现的竞赛阶段。这是源于革命性加速的承诺，而实现这种加速需要设计一种能够利用量子力学来驾驭问题结构的算法。然而，当今许多量子编程语言要求程序员在量子门电路的底层进行推理。这对于尚未建立起量子门语义直觉的程序员而言构成了显著的入门障碍，即便对于已具备相关直觉的程序员而言，这种操作也可能显得繁琐。在本文中，我们提出Qwerty，一种新型量子编程语言，它允许程序员以比门操作更具表达力的方式操控量子比特，将繁琐的门选择任务交由编译器处理。凭借其新颖的基类型以及与Python的便捷互操作性，Qwerty成为了一个用于高级量子-经典计算的强大框架。